Basic Immunization and it's Schedule

By Midwivery Academy of MH Thamrin 2009
Ade Amalia, Dewi Apriliyanti A, Komalasari, Mumuy Muyasaroh

Immunization is an effective protection to prevent from many diseases. Immunization can build baby's immune system and protect children from dangerous diseases.
There are five basic immunizations given based on schedule for baby under one year old. They are Hepatitis B, BCG, Polio, DPT and Measles.
Hepatitis B Vaccination
A baby is given Hepatitis B vaccination intramuscularly once within 12 hours after birth. It must be repeated one month and six months later. Dosage per injection is 0,5 ml. It is for prevention of Hepatitis B infection to liver .
BCG Vaccination
A baby is given BCG Vaccination intradermally (15 degrees) at proximal upper arm once before 3 months old. Dosage pe injection is 0,1 ml. It is for prevention of Tuberculosis infection. Pus may occur at the location of injection but it is a common side effect.
DPT-Hepatitis B Vaccination
A baby is given BCG Vaccination intramuscularly at proximal anterolateral upper leg at the age of two, four and six months old. Dosage per injection is 0,5 ml. It is for prevention of Diphteria, Tetanus and Hepatitis B infection. Fever may occurs afterwards.
Polio Vaccination
A baby is given BCG Vaccination orally four times at the age of zero (before going home from hospital, two, four and six months old. Dosage administered is 2 drops (1 ml ). It is for prevention of polio infection-paralyzing agent.
Measles Vaccination
A baby is given measles vaccination deep subcutaneously (45 degrees) at proximal anterolateral upper leg. once at the age of nine months old. It is for prevention of measles which can cause inflamation in lungs. brain, and can cause blindness.

Safety Pregnancy

Being safe in pregnancy means being safe for the pregnant woman and the fetus beared. To ensure safety pregnancy, there are some steps to do before conception, during pregnancy and after delivery. In other words, woman who want to be pregnant should undergo preconceptional care, antenatal care and postnatal care.

The principal for preconceptional care is assesing medical and psychosocial condition of a woman before pregnancy because health during pregnancy depends on it. Then a plan can be initiated for continuing obstetrical care.

The same thing happens for antenatal care and postnatal care. Except that additonal health assesment is needed for the fetus or baby. All the care provided by medical health team is important to prevent complication in pregnancy. Thus, morbidity and mortality related to pregnancy can be reduced.

Dwi Notosusanto, September 2009